PhD defence by Parinaz Abdollahian

Abstract

Understanding and addressing neurological disorders requires innovative technologies. This research contributes to the field by developing advanced biodegradable neural implants, brain biosensors, and safe light-based neural stimulation techniques, helping to enhance both neurological studies and therapeutic applications.

A key achievement of this work is the development of biodegradable optical fibers that safely interact with brain tissue. These fibers degrade at a rate aligned with natural tissue regeneration, reducing immune reactions and eliminating the need for surgical removal. By effectively transmitting light in wavelengths commonly used in neural therapies, they provide a safer and more efficient approach for neural interventions.

Another major contribution is the creation of a biosensor capable of detecting heavy metal ions in brain fluid. By integrating optical sensing techniques with biocompatible materials, this biosensor enables real-time monitoring of neurotoxic elements, a crucial factor in understanding and managing neurological conditions. Its cost effectiveness, high sensitivity, and reusability make it a practical tool for medical diagnostics and neuroscience research.

Furthermore, this study advances the use of light for neural stimulation. By identifying optimal light intensities and wavelengths that interact safely with neurons, the research establishes guidelines for non-invasive neural activation. The findings reveal that different neurons exhibit varying sensitivities to light, impacting overall neural network activity. This knowledge allows for the development of safer and more precise light-based therapeutic strategies.

The findings of this thesis contribute to bridging critical gaps in neuroscience and medical technology by providing innovative tools for neural research, diagnosis, and therapy. These advancements support the development of improved treatments for neurological disorders such as Parkinson’s and Alzheimer’s disease, ultimately driving progress toward safer and more effective healthcare solutions.

Supervisors

• Principal supervisor: Associate Professor Christos Markos, DTU Electro, Denmark
• Co-supervisor: Assistant Professor, Marcello Meneghetti DTU Electro, Denmark
• Co-supervisor: Associate Professor Rune Berg, Københavns Universitet, Denmark

Evaluation Board

• Examiner: Group Leader and Scientist Alessio Stefani, IIS, Germany
• Examiner: Associate Professor Claire Francesca, Dep of Neuroscience KU, Denmark

Chairman

• Senior Researcher Getinet Woyessa, DTU Electro, Denmark

Master of the Ceremony

• Senior Researcher, Lars Lindvold, DTU Electro, Denmark